Articles

Electric stimulation of the vagus nerve reduced mouse neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide

Neuroinflammation (NI) is a key feature in the pathogenesis and progression of infectious and non-infectious neuropathologies, and its amelioration usually improves the patient outcome. Peripheral inflammation...

Authors: G. Meneses, M. Bautista, A. Florentino, G. Díaz, G. Acero, H. Besedovsky, D. Meneses, A. Fleury, A. Del Rey, G. Gevorkian, G. Fragoso and E. Sciutto

Circulating chemokine ligand levels before and after successful kidney transplantation

Chemokine ligands (CCLs) play a pivotal role in tissue injury before and after kidney transplantation. Meanwhile, transplantation improves patient’s survival and diminishes morbidity. It is hypothesized, then,...

Authors: Hamdi Elmoselhi, Holly Mansell, Mahmoud Soliman and Ahmed Shoker

Chondroprotective effect of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid on osteoarthritic chondrocytes in a co-cultivation inflammation model with M1 macrophages

Osteoarthritis (OA) is described by an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes in the affected joint. This dysregulation of metabolism affects not only chondrocytes within cartilage tissue but also ...

Authors: Christoph Bauer, Eugenia Niculescu-Morzsa, Vivek Jeyakumar, Daniela Kern, Stephan S. Späth and Stefan Nehrer

Circulating adipokine levels and prognostic value in septic patients

Adipokines have a wide range of effects and are linked to sepsis and septic shock. The aim of the present study was to describe the changes in adipokine levels in septic patients in relation to patients’ prese...

Authors: Andreas Hillenbrand, Pengfei Xu, Shaoxia Zhou, Annette Blatz, Manfred Weiss, Sebastian Hafner, Doris Henne-Bruns and Uwe Knippschild

Acidification changes affect the inflammasome in human nucleus pulposus cells

Interleukin (IL)-1β is involved in the pathology of intervertebral disc degeneration. Under normal conditions, IL-1β is present in cells in an inactive form (pro-IL-1β). However, under pathological conditions,...

Authors: Frank J. Brand III, Mahtab Forouzandeh, Harmanpreet Kaur, Francesco Travascio and Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is not required for liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy

Liver regeneration following 70 % partial hepatectomy (PH) requires the coordinated expression of soluble mediators produced by macrophages. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent stimulus of m...

Authors: Stephanie L. Wyler, Shawna L. D’Ingillo, Cheri L. Lamb and Kristen A. Mitchell

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and δ activators induce ICAM-1 expression in quiescent non stimulated endothelial cells

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that are implicated in the regulation of lipid and glucose homeostasis. PPAR agonists have been shown to control i...

Authors: Julia Naidenow, Igor Hrgovic, Monika Doll, Tsige Hailemariam-Jahn, Victoria Lang, Johannes Kleemann, Stefan Kippenberger, Roland Kaufmann, Nadja Zöller and Markus Meissner

Nasal inflammation and its response to local glucocorticoid regular treatment in patients with persistent non-allergic rhinitis: a pilot study

The pathogenesis of non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) is still largely unknown. Furthermore, it is unclear whether there is a correlation between the effect of nasal glucocorticoids on nasal inflammation and on nasa...

Authors: Donatella Poletti, Valeria Iannini, Paolo Casolari, Marco Contoli, Alberto Papi, Paul Kirkham, Trevor T. Hansel, Kian Fan Chung, Peter J. Barnes, Antonio Pastore, Stefano Pelucchi, Ian M. Adcock and Gaetano Caramori

Apolipoprotein A-I gene transfer exerts immunomodulatory effects and reduces vascular inflammation and fibrosis in ob/ob mice

Obesity is associated with vascular inflammation, fibrosis and reduced high-density lipoproteins (HDL)-cholesterol. We aimed to investigate whether adenoviral gene transfer with human apolipoprotein (apo) A-I (Ad...

Authors: Frank Spillmann, Bart De Geest, Ilayaraja Muthuramu, Ruhul Amin, Kapka Miteva, Burkert Pieske, Carsten Tschöpe and Sophie Van Linthout

A comparative study of blood endotoxin detection in haemodialysis patients

Endotoxemia is commonly reported in patients receiving haemodialysis and implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammation. The Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay is the most commonly used blood endot...

Authors: Jonathan Wong, Nathan Davies, Hasan Jeraj, Enric Vilar, Adie Viljoen and Ken Farrington

Phenotypic analysis of peripheral B cell populations during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains an unresolved threat resulting in great annual loss of life. The role of B cells during the protective immunity to Mtb is still unclear. B cell...

Authors: Willem J. du Plessis, Alana Keyser, Gerhard Walzl and André G. Loxton

MicroRNAs differentially expressed in Behçet disease are involved in interleukin-6 production

Behcet’s disease (BD) is characterized by systemic recurrent inflammation with increased production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–α and interleukin (IL)-6 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). To gai...

Authors: Min-Yeong Woo, Su Jin Yun, Okki Cho, Kyongmin Kim, Eun-So Lee and Sun Park

Abnormal cannabidiol attenuates experimental colitis in mice, promotes wound healing and inhibits neutrophil recruitment

Non-psychotropic atypical cannabinoids have therapeutic potential in a variety of inflammatory conditions including those of the gastrointestinal tract. Here we examined the effects of the atypical cannabinoid...

Authors: Regina M. Krohn, Sean A. Parsons, Jakub Fichna, Kamala D. Patel, Robin M. Yates, Keith A. Sharkey and Martin A. Storr

A human and animal model-based approach to investigating the anti-inflammatory profile and potential of the 5-HT_2B receptor antagonist AM1030

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by highly pruritic eczematous lesions that are commonly treated with topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. Side-effects...

Authors: Niklas Palmqvist, Max Siller, Cecilia Klint and Anders Sjödin

Transforming growth factor beta 1 induced endothelin-1 release is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma dependent in A549 cells

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical interactions between PPAR-γ, TGF-β1 and ET-1 in vitro.

Authors: Shulin Xiang, Yi Zeng, Bin Xiong, Yueqiu Qin, Xia Huang, Yujie Jiang, Weigui Luo, Suren R. Sooranna and Liao Pinhu

AG490 suppresses EPO-mediated activation of JAK2-STAT but enhances blood flow recovery in rats with critical limb ischemia

Erythropoietin (EPO) has been demonstrated to enhance recovery in ischemic organs through enhancing angiogenesis. In this study, we used an experimental critical limb ischemia (CLI) rat model to reveal the und...

Authors: Han-Tan Chai, Hon-Kan Yip, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Shu-Yuan Hsu and Steve Leu

Erratum to: Interleukin-1beta-induced reduction of tissue water diffusion in the juvenile rat brain on ADC MRI is not associated with ³¹P MRS-detectable energy failure

Authors: Raman Saggu

Effects of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 on transforming growth factor-beta 1 and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice

Cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) are synthetic DNA fragments containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs with potential immune modulatory effects and have recently been sug...

Authors: Xuan Li, Guoxiong Xu, Tiankui Qiao, Sujuan Yuan, Xibing Zhuang, Jihong Zhang and Hui Bin Sun

The synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 mesylate decreases the production of inflammatory mediators in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts by activating CB₂, TRPV1, TRPA1 and yet unidentified receptor targets

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), synovial fibroblasts (SF) secrete large amounts of IL-6, IL-8 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which are crucial for cartilage destruction. RASFs are sensitive to the action o...

Authors: Torsten Lowin, Georg Pongratz and Rainer H. Straub

The effect of high glucose on the inhibitory action of C21, a selective AT2R agonist, of LPS-stimulated tissue factor expression in human mononuclear cells

Intimate links connect tissue factor (TF), the principal initiator of the clotting cascade, to inflammation, a cross-talk amplified by locally generated Angiotensin (AT) II, the effector arm of the Renin Angio...

Authors: Cristina Balia, Valentina Scalise, Silvana Cianchetti, Francesca Faita, Tommaso Neri, Vittoria Carnicelli, Riccardo Zucchi, Alessandro Celi and Roberto Pedrinelli

The association between blood glucose levels and matrix-metalloproteinase-9 in early severe sepsis and septic shock

Hyperglycemia is a frequent and important metabolic derangement that accompanies severe sepsis and septic shock. Matrix-Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) has been shown to be elevated in acute stress hyperglycemia, ...

Authors: Gul R. Sachwani, Anja K. Jaehne, Namita Jayaprakash, Mark Kuzich, Violet Onkoba, Dione Blyden and Emanuel P. Rivers

Characterizing heterogeneity in the response of synovial mesenchymal progenitor cells to synovial macrophages in normal individuals and patients with osteoarthritis

Resident macrophages in OA synovial tissue contribute to synovitis through pro-inflammatory mediators driving cartilage loss. What remains unknown is how these macrophages interact with synovial mesenchymal pr...

Authors: Akash Fichadiya, Karri L Bertram, Guomin Ren, Robin M Yates and Roman J Krawetz

Pathogenesis of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis

Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is considered a refractory and intractable disease. Patients with ECRS present with thick mucus production, long-term nasal congestion, loss of sense of smell, and in...

Authors: Said Ahmad Shah, Hajime Ishinaga and Kazuhiko Takeuchi

Hydrogen sulfide modulates chromatin remodeling and inflammatory mediator production in response to endotoxin, but does not play a role in the development of endotoxin tolerance

Pretreatment with low doses of LPS (lipopolysaccharide, bacterial endotoxin) reduces the pro-inflammatory response to a subsequent higher LPS dose, a phenomenon known as endotoxin tolerance. Moreover, hydrogen...

Authors: Ester C. S. Rios, Francisco G. Soriano, Gabor Olah, Domokos Gerö, Bartosz Szczesny and Csaba Szabo

Interleukin-1beta-induced reduction of tissue water diffusion in the juvenile rat brain on ADC MRI is not associated with ³¹P MRS-detectable energy failure

It has long been known that an intrastriatal microinjection of the archetypal pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), in juvenile rats induces a chronic reduction in the apparent diffusion coeffi...

Authors: Raman Saggu

Mycobacterium leprae alters classical activation of human monocytes in vitro

Macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The polarized clinical presentations in leprosy are associated with differential immune activation. In tuberculoid l...

Authors: Dorothy Fallows, Blas Peixoto, Gilla Kaplan and Claudia Manca

Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2

The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues. However, th...

Authors: Yoko Fujiwara, Hiroyoshi Tsuchiya, Nobuya Sakai, Katsushi Shibata, Akio Fujimura and Taka-aki Koshimizu

ERK2 and Akt are negative regulators of insulin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α stimulated VCAM-1 expression in rat aorta endothelial cells

Diabetes is quickly becoming the most widespread disorder in the Western world. Among the most prevalent effects of diabetes is atherosclerosis, which in turn is driven in part by inflammation. Both insulin an...

Authors: Gregory B. Pott, Mark Tsurudome, Nadia Bamfo and Marc L. Goalstone

Role of goblet cell protein CLCA1 in murine DSS colitis

The secreted goblet cell protein CLCA1 (chloride channel regulator, calcium-activated-1) is, in addition to its established role in epithelial chloride conductance regulation, thought to act as a multifunction...

Authors: Nancy A. Erickson, Lars Mundhenk, Samoa Giovannini, Rainer Glauben, Markus M. Heimesaat and Achim D. Gruber

Nur77-mediated TRAF6 signalling protects against LPS-induced sepsis in mice

Nur77, a key member of the NR4A receptor subfamily, is involved in the regulation of inflammation and immunity. However, the in vivo regulatory roles of Nur77 in sepsis and the mechanisms involved remains larg...

Authors: Xiu-Ming Li, Shen Zhang, Xiao-Shun He, Peng-Da Guo, Xing-Xing Lu, Jing-Ru Wang, Jian-Ming Li and Hua Wu

Non-unions treated with bone morphogenic protein 7: introducing the quantitative measurement of human serum cytokine levels as promising tool in evaluation of adjunct non-union therapy

In this study we sought to determine if application of bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP-7) promotes physiological bone healing of non-unions and to investigate if serum cytokine analysis may serve as a promisin...

Authors: Arash Moghaddam, Lisa Breier, Patrick Haubruck, Daniel Bender, Bahram Biglari, Andreas Wentzensen and Gerald Zimmermann

Arterial stiffness and ankle brachial index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease

Authors: Kadir Ozturk

CXCL14 as an emerging immune and inflammatory modulator

CXCL14, a relatively novel chemokine, is a non-ELR (glutamic acid-leucine-arginine) chemokine with a broad spectrum of biological activities. CXCL14 mainly contributes to the regulation of immune cell migratio...

Authors: Jing Lu, Mita Chatterjee, Hannes Schmid, Sandra Beck and Meinrad Gawaz

The prognostic influence of tumor infiltrating Foxp3⁺CD4⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in resected non-small cell lung cancer

Different subsets of tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes are believed to play essential role in the immune response to cancer cells. The data of these cells in NSCLC are relatively rare and controversial therefor...

Authors: Jurgita Jackute, Marius Zemaitis, Darius Pranys, Brigita Sitkauskiene, Skaidrius Miliauskas, Vytis Bajoriunas, Simona Lavinskiene and Raimundas Sakalauskas

CFTR Knockdown induces proinflammatory changes in intestinal epithelial cells

Hyperinflammation is a hallmark feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. However, inflammation has also been documented systemically and, more recently, in extrapulmonary CF-affected tissues such as the pancre...

Authors: Karoline St-Martin Crites, Geneviève Morin, Valérie Orlando, Natacha Patey, Catherine Cantin, Judith Martel, Emmanuelle Brochiero and Geneviève Mailhot

E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 as biomarkers of 3-month outcome in cerebrovascular diseases

Inflammation is known to worsen cerebral damage at the acute phase of stroke. In this setting, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play a crucial role mediating migration of immune cells into the infarcted area. Ho...

Authors: Sébastien Richard, Linnéa Lagerstedt, Pierre R. Burkhard, Marc Debouverie, Natacha Turck and Jean-Charles Sanchez

The role of host soluble inflammatory mediators induced by the BCG vaccine for the initiation of in vitro monocyte apoptosis in healthy Brazilian volunteers

Tuberculosis (TB) is the second greatest killer worldwide that is caused by a single infectious agent. For its control, studies of TB vaccines are needed. Since Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only vacci...

Authors: Jessica Lima, Mariana Siqueira, Thaíze Pedro, Carlos Ponte, Leandro Peres, Suelen Marinho, Luíz R. Castello-Branco and Paulo R. Z. Antas

Nitric oxide secretion in human conjunctival fibroblasts is inhibited by alpha linolenic acid

It is known that both human conjunctival fibroblasts (HCF) and corneal epithelial (HCE) cells contribute to the inflammatory process in the ocular surface by releasing inflammatory cytokines. In addition, nitr...

Authors: Nir Erdinest, Noam Shohat, Eli Moallem, Claudia Yahalom, Hadas Mechoulam, Irene Anteby, Haim Ovadia and Abraham Solomon

Cadmium, road dust and rheumatoid arthritis: an alternative hypothesis to general air pollution

Authors: Daniel Murphy and David Hutchinson

Obesity-associated hypertension is ameliorated in patients with TLR4 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4986790

Obesity is strongly associated with hypertension. Despite numerous mechanistic links the association is not fully understood. Western diet increases uptake of Toll-Like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligands such as free f...

Authors: Simon Schneider, Petra Hoppmann, Werner Koch, Stephan Kemmner, Christoph Schmaderer, Lutz Renders, Adnan Kastrati, Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz, Uwe Heemann and Marcus Baumann

Effects of exercise on brain and peripheral inflammatory biomarkers induced by total sleep deprivation in rats

Physical exercise induces neuroprotection through anti-inflammatory effects and total sleep deprivation is reported an inflammatory process. We examined whether 7 weeks of exercise training attenuates markers ...

Authors: M. Chennaoui, D. Gomez-Merino, C. Drogou, H. Geoffroy, G. Dispersyn, C. Langrume, S. Ciret, T. Gallopin and F. Sauvet

Diphenyldifluoroketone EF24 Suppresses Pro-inflammatory Interleukin-1 receptor 1 and Toll-like Receptor 4 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated dendritic cells

Unresolved and prolonged inflammation is a pathological basis of many disorders such as cancer and multiple organ failure in shock. Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) superfamily consists of IL-1R1 and pathogen pa...

Authors: Prachi Vilekar, Geeta Rao, Shanjana Awasthi and Vibhudutta Awasthi

The role of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in prostatic inflammation: a review

Clinical and basic experimental evidence indicates that chronic inflammation is the greatest factor in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression, which is the most common cause of Lower Urinary Tract Symp...

Authors: Christina Alves Peixoto and Fabiana Oliveira dos Santos Gomes

Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Suppresses Autoimmune Arthritis Through Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase Expressing Dendritic Cells and the Nuclear Factor, Erythroid 2-Like 2 Antioxidant Pathway

The activity of one of the major catechins in Green Tea, the polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has been shown to have a variety of health benefits. Recent studies suggest that EGCG can modulate...

Authors: So-Youn Min, Mei Yan, Sang Bum Kim, Sneha Ravikumar, Seong-Ryuel Kwon, Kamala Vanarsa, Ho-Youn Kim, Laurie S. Davis and Chandra Mohan

RIG-I contributes to the innate immune response after cerebral ischemia

Focal cerebral ischemia induces an inflammatory response that when exacerbated contributes to deleterious outcomes. The molecular basis regarding the regulation of the innate immune response after focal cerebr...

Authors: Frank J. Brand III, Juan Carlos de Rivero Vaccari, Nancy H. Mejias, Ofelia F. Alonso and Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari

The role of C1q in recognition of apoptotic epithelial cells and inflammatory cytokine production by phagocytes during Helicobacter pylori infection

Gastric epithelial cells (GECs) undergo apoptosis during H. pylori infection and phagocytes within the mucosa engulf these cells. The recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells is a multifactorial process, enha...

Authors: Sarah Fox, Kieran A. Ryan, Alice H. Berger, Katie Petro, Soumita Das, Sheila E. Crowe and Peter B. Ernst

Serum biomarkers VEGF-C and IL-6 are associated with severe human Peripheral Artery Stenosis

Emerging reports propose possible biomarkers that are related to inflammation, nutrition and lipid parameters for detection of the progression of atherosclerotic plaques, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and pa...

Authors: Jiexia Chen, Lei Han, Xiaoyan Xu, Haiqin Tang, Hongyan Wang and Bin Wei

Dimethylfumarate protects against TNF-α-induced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in human endothelial cells

Inflammation, angiogenesis and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases. Recent evidence suggests that dimethylfumarate (DMF), an antiposriatic and anti-multiple s...

Authors: Simon Gerhardt, Veronika König, Monika Doll, Tsige Hailemariam-Jahn, Igor Hrgovic, Nadja Zöller, Roland Kaufmann, Stefan Kippenberger and Markus Meissner

Is air pollution a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory debilitating disease triggered by a complex interaction involving genetic and environmental factors. Active smoking and occupational exposures such as silica incr...

Authors: Mickael Essouma and Jean Jacques N. Noubiap

Pharmacological mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory properties of two structurally divergent coumarins through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of two structurally divergent coumarins, calipteryxin (1) and (3’S,4’S)-3’,4’-disenecioyloxy-3’,4’-dihydroseselin (2) from Seseli recinosum, in lipopolys...

Authors: Salman Khan, Omer Shehzad, Mao-Sheng Cheng, Rui-Juan Li and Yeong Shik Kim